India faces a critical juncture in balancing its energy needs with sustainability goals. While coal, comprising 50% of its energy mix, remains essential for immediate demands, significant strides are being made in renewable energy, with 500 GW of non-fossil fuel capacity targeted by 2030. Solar and wind projects are advancing, supported by energy storage innovations and green hydrogen. Yet, challenges like intermittency, policy gaps, and environmental concerns persist. Guided by robust policies and international commitments, India's dual energy strategy aims to ensure energy security while transitioning toward a greener, low-carbon future.